Steam Properties Calculator | Saturated Steam, Enthalpy, Entropy

📖 How to Use This Steam Properties Calculator

Choose input method – Select either "Temperature" or "Pressure" as your known variable.

Enter value – Input the temperature in °C or pressure in bar.

Use presets or custom – Click presets for common conditions or enter your own values.

View properties – Instantly see saturation temperature/pressure, specific volume, enthalpy, entropy, and latent heat.

🔥 Understanding Saturated Steam Properties

Saturated steam is steam at the boiling point corresponding to a given pressure. The properties of saturated steam are fundamental to thermodynamics, power generation, and industrial processes.

Key properties include:

Saturation Temperature (T_sat) – The temperature at which water boils at a given pressure.
Saturation Pressure (P_sat) – The pressure at which water boils at a given temperature.
Specific Volume (v_g) – The volume occupied by 1 kg of saturated steam (m³/kg).
Enthalpy (h_g) – The total heat content of saturated steam (kJ/kg).
Entropy (s_g) – A measure of the disorder or randomness of steam (kJ/kg·K).
Latent Heat (h_fg) – The heat required to convert 1 kg of saturated liquid to saturated vapor at constant temperature (kJ/kg).

💡 Practical Applications

Power generation – Steam turbine and boiler design.
Industrial processes – Heating, drying, and sterilization.
HVAC systems – Steam heating and humidification.
Food processing – Cooking, sterilization, and drying.
Chemical engineering – Distillation, evaporation, and reaction.

❓ Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is saturated steam?

Saturated steam is steam that is at the boiling temperature corresponding to its pressure. It exists in equilibrium with water at the same temperature and pressure.

What is the difference between saturated and superheated steam?

Saturated steam is at the boiling point for its pressure. Superheated steam has been heated above the saturation temperature at the same pressure, providing a safety margin against condensation.

What is latent heat of vaporization?

Latent heat of vaporization (h_fg) is the amount of heat required to convert liquid water to steam at the same temperature. It decreases with increasing pressure and becomes zero at the critical point (374°C, 221 bar).

What is the critical point of water?

The critical point is the temperature and pressure above which the liquid and vapor phases become indistinguishable. For water: T_c = 374°C, P_c = 221 bar (22.1 MPa).

How accurate are these calculations?

This calculator uses empirical correlations based on the Antoine equation and validated steam table data. Accuracy is within ±2% for temperatures from 20°C to 350°C.

What units are used?

Temperature in °C, pressure in bar, specific volume in m³/kg, enthalpy and latent heat in kJ/kg, entropy in kJ/kg·K.